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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the best way to reduce anxiety, but sometimes, a short-term course of medication may be required. The medications used to treat anxiety include tranquilizers and antidepressants.

SSRI antidepressants, like citalopram (Celexa), Escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft) can improve communication between nerve cells within the brain and reduce anxiety. SNRIs, that target serotonin and norepinephrine, can also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are often the first medication prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety disorders. They block nerve cells in the brain from reabsorbing serotonin, which is a chemical which plays a vital role in mood regulation. The drugs take time to take effect, but the majority of people feel better within four to six weeks. SSRIs aren't habit-forming and will not trigger addiction, therefore they can be used for long periods of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. These SNRIs include citalopram and the escitalopram, fluoxetine (Prozac) as well as paraxetine (Paxil) and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine (Tofranil) and doxepine and an anxiety Disorder stimulant are also used to treat anxiety and depression. New antidepressants like mirtazapine (Remeron) are also sometimes used to how treat anxiety without medication anxiety disorders.

Doctors aren't sure exactly how to treat anxiety after Surgery SSRIs and SNRIs work however they know that they increase the activity of certain chemical messengers in the brain, called neurotransmitters. They prevent the brain from reabsorbing these chemicals, and permit them to bind with their receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, ocd and anxiety treatment; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress and anxiety treatment disorder, PTSD. They may also be helpful with bulimia, however it is anxiety treatable less common.

People with anxiety who are not responding to SSRIs may be prescribed an antipsychotic atypical drug. Examples include quetiapine, (Abilify), and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These drugs reduce anxiety in people who have obsessive compulsive disorder. They are typically prescribed together with an antidepressant. they have a lower risk of serious side effects compared to other types of antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers, also known as beta-blockers, can be used to reduce anxiety and are commonly prescribed for heart conditions. Propranolol as well as atenolol are just two examples. They can ease physical symptoms of anxiety in those with social anxiety disorder. They can be useful in reducing anxiety, particularly during or following surgery. Benzodiazepines like lorazepam (Ativan) can be used to control symptoms when other medication aren't working. The use of benzodiazepines can become habit-forming and addictive.

SNRIs

SNRIs are a type of antidepressant medication which is commonly prescribed to combat anxiety. They function similarly to SSRIs however, they increase the amount of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. They are therefore more efficient in treating certain anxiety disorders such as anxiety disorder, social anxiety and panic disorder. Like other medications, these work best when they are used in conjunction with talk therapy and other treatment strategies.

Unlike benzodiazepines SNRIs don't cause dependence or addiction in the majority of people. Some patients may experience withdrawal symptoms stopping a medication following an extended period of usage. This is why it is important to speak with your doctor before stopping any medication.

Neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine control mood and stress. Particularly, they play an important role in the fight-or-flight response that many people with anxiety experience. SNRIs stop nerve cells from quickly mopping up these neurotransmitters by blocking the process of reuptake. They hold these chemicals in the body for longer, and can improve mood, reduce anxiety, and even help with panic attacks.

Norepinephrine also plays a part in anxiety, as it triggers the Amygdala. This is a deep and primitive part of the brain that is linked to fearful behavior. SNRIs decrease the activity in this part of the brain. This can boost mood, anxiety and even help with panic attacks.

These medications are very helpful however, they may increase suicidal behavior in certain people. Because of this, they are usually prescribed in higher doses for a short-term time. In addition, these medications may interact with other medications and other substances. If you're taking any other prescription or over-the-counter medications, be sure to discuss this with your doctor and keep them informed of any medical conditions that you may have including heart problems and bleeding disorders. Also, be aware that some patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs like nausea and dry mouth.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines, or benzos as they are commonly called are a class of drugs that reduce anxiety and related symptoms, including muscle tension and insomnia. They can be beneficial for people with anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety and panic disorder particularly when other treatments, like SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy) do not work. They can also be utilized as a temporary solution as you wait for your antidepressant medication begin to work. Drugs like diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most popular benzos, but other options include clonazepam (Rivotril), temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

Because they're fast-acting, they typically start to work within 30 minutes. They don't remain in the body for very long, which is why they must be consumed regularly to get the full benefits. Benzos should not be taken for long periods as they can lead to physical dependence and addiction. Benzos are not recommended for those with anxiety disorders or depression as they could increase the risk of developing those problems.

Benzo users who take them for an extended period of time with no medical supervision and often without the guidance of a physician, may develop a condition known as sedative-use disorders, which include withdrawal symptoms and addiction. It is not common for those who are prescribed benzos to develop this disorder however. Instead, the misuse of benzos is usually a result of other causes such as alcohol dependence and depression.

Utilizing benzodiazepines in the long-term may also lead to tolerance to their effects on sedation. Tolerance means that you require more medication in order to achieve the same results. This can sometimes cause respiratory depression, or even death. Even if you are taking benzodiazepines over a long time, it is important to follow the prescribed dosage.

Other Medicines

SSRIs and SNRIs are the first medications doctors typically prescribe to treat anxiety. They alter serotonin which is responsible for mood, appetite, and sleep. They can take a while to show results, up to 12 weeks, and have some adverse effects such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs are also used to treat other mental health conditions such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder. In contrast to benzodiazepines they don't create physical dependence, but they can trigger withdrawal symptoms when abruptly cut off.

Medications in this class include sertraline (Zoloft) and fluoroquinol (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be taken as a stand-alone treatment or in conjunction with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychiatrists, psychologists or family physicians with special training in medication management.

Doctors may prescribe a particular class of antidepressants called monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). These medications block the action of certain enzymes that break down chemicals, such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. MAOIs can take three or four weeks to take effect however they aren't as quick-acting as SSRIs.

Another medication that can help manage anxiety is clonidine, which is used to control high blood pressure. However, it is not widely used to treat anxiety. Its effectiveness is limited because of negative effects such as hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, can be prescribed by medical professionals to help reduce anxiety and panic attacks. Some patients might also experience a reduction in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

Anxiety is typically treated with the combination of psychotherapy, exercise and medication. The most effective method is to work with someone who is specialized in treating anxiety disorders. They can assist you in identifying the underlying causes for your anxiety, and suggest ways to manage it without medication, if needed. Other options for anxiety treatment that don't require medication include eye movement desensitization, mindfulness meditation and trauma-informed Yoga. Talk with your therapist about what options are best for you. Psychiatrists are trained to analyze your symptoms and medical history and formulate a treatment for panic attacks and anxiety plan that works for you. They will consider your specific diagnosis, lifestyle, medical background and preferences when creating the plan and will make adjustments to it over time.